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| Spatial Extent: | South America |
| Spatial Resolution: | 0.1 & 0.5 degree |
| Temporal Characteristics: | |
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Time Series Climatology |
|
Daily and Monthly |
|
Various: 1901 to present |
These data products are being distributed free of charge. Recipients have a responsibility to:
- Acknowledge the Water Systems Analysis Group, Complex Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire.
- Acknowledge the University of New Hampshire, EOS-WEBSTER Earth Science Information Partner (ESIP) as the data distributor.
Summary:
This Collection hosts data that are part of the University of New Hampshire’s Water Systems Analysis Group’s LBA-HydroNet V1.0 database. LBA-HydroNet V1.0 is the prototype version of a regional hydrometeorological data bank to support water sciences and water resource assessment in South America, Central America, and the Caribbean, using joint pan-American scientific and monitoring station information resources.
This collection contains regional hydrometeorological data consisting of climatological, time series, and station data for the Large-Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA). Variables include temperature, precipitation, cloud cover, and vapor pressure. Data cover South America and time periods from 1901 to present; data are gridded at 0.1 degrees for climatological averages and 0.5 degrees for time series data.
Data Description:
1) Climatological Averages Dataset:
Climatological data for the LBA Region. This dataset contains long-term mean (LTM) data for an average year based on time periods between 1930 and 1997 for various climate variables from multiple sources. These data have been resampled to a grid cell size of 0.1 degrees for South America, encompassing the LBA study region. Data are in a geographic coordinate system.
The Variables available for this data set are described in Table 1, below.
2) Time Series Dataset:
Time Series data for the LBA Region. This dataset contains time series data for various climate variables from multiple sources covering time periods from 1901 to 1999. These data have been resampled to a grid cell size of 0.5 degrees (0.1 degree for GOES data) for South America, encompassing the LBA study region. Data are in a geographic coordinate system.
The Variables available for this data set are described in Table 1, below.
Table 1
|
Data Sets |
Variables |
Date Range |
Grid Cell Size |
Number of Holdings |
Reference |
| 1) Climatological
Averages (Long-Term Means as noted in date range) |
a) Monthly Mean Cloud Cover (%) |
NA |
0.1 |
1 |
New et al, 1999 |
|
b) Monthly Mean Air Temperature (Deg. C) |
NA |
0.1 |
4 |
Leemans & Cramer, 1992 |
|
| c) Monthly Max Air Temperature (Deg. C) |
NA |
0.1 |
1 |
New et al, 1999 | |
| d) Monthly Min Air Temperature (Deg. C) |
NA |
0.1 |
1 |
New et al, 1999 | |
| e) Monthly Mean Precipitation (mm/month) |
NA |
0.1 |
8 |
Leemans & Cramer, 1992 |
|
| f) Monthly Mean Vapor Pressure (kPa) |
NA |
0.1 |
1 |
New et al, 1999 | |
| 2) Time Series | a) Monthly Mean Cloud Cover (%) |
1901-1995 |
0.5 |
1 |
New et al, 2000 |
| b) Daily Precipitation (mm/day) |
4/1998-4/2001 |
0.1 |
3 |
Vicente et al,
1998 Huffman et al, 1995 Black, 1994 |
|
| c) Monthly Mean Air Temperature (Deg. C) |
1901-1995 |
0.5 |
3 |
New et al, 2000 Webber & Willmott, 1998 |
|
| d) Monthly Max Air Temperature (Deg. C) |
1901-1995 |
0.5 |
1 |
New et al, 2000 | |
| e) Monthly Min Air Temperature (Deg. C) |
1901-1995 |
0.5 |
1 |
New et al, 2000 | |
| f) Monthly Mean Precipitation (mm/month) |
1901-1999 |
0.5 |
6 |
New et al, 2000 |
|
| g) Monthly Mean Vapor Pressure (kPa) |
1901-1995 |
0.5 |
1 |
New et al, 2000 |
References (Specific references for each holding are provided in the auxiliary file with the data when they are downloaded)
Black, T. L., 1994: The New NMC Mesoscale ETA Model: Description and Forecast Examples. Weather Forecasting, 9, 265-278.
Huffman, G.J., R.F. Adler, P.A. Arkin, A. Chang, R. Ferraro, A. Gruber, J. Janowiak, A. McNab, B. Rudolf, U. Schneider, 1997: The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Combined Precipitation Dataset. Bull. Americ. Meteor. Soc. 78(1), 5-20.
Huffman, G.J., R.F. Adler, B. Rudolph, U. Schneider, and P. Keehn, 1995: "Global Precipitation Estimates Based on a Technique for Combining Satellite-Based Estimates, Rain Gauge Analysis, and NWP Model Precipitation Information", J. Clim., 8, 1284-1295.
Kalnay, E., M. Kanamitsu, R. Kistler, W. Collins, D. Deaven, L. Gandin, M. Iredell, S. Saha, G. White, J. Woollen, Y. Zhu, A. Leetmaa, B. Reynolds, M. Chelliah, W. Ebisuzaki, W. Higgins, J. Janowiak, K.C. Mo, C. Ropelewski, J. Wang, Roy Jenne, Dennis Joseph, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society: Vol. 77, No. 3, pp. 437-472.
Leemans, R. and Cramer, W. P., 1992: IIASA Database for Mean Monthly Values of Temperature, Precipitation and cloudiness on a Global Terrestrial Grid. Digital Raster Data on a 30 minute Geographic (lat/long) 360x720 grid. In: Global Ecosystems Database Version 1.0: Disc A. Boulder, CO: NOAA National Geophysical Data Centre. 36 independent single-attribute spatial layers on CD-ROM, 15.6 MB; (first published in 1991).
New, M. G., M. Hulme and P. D. Jones, 1999: Representing 20th century space-time climate variability. I: Development of a 1961-1990 mean monthly terrestrial climatology. J. Climate. 12 829-856 (Climate Impacts LINK Project at CRU, UEA DETR Contract Nos EPG 1/1/128)
New, M. G., M. Hulme and P. D. Jones, 2000: Representing 20th century space-time climate variability. II: Development of 1901-1996 monthly terrestrial climate fields. J. Climate. 13 2217-2238 (Climate Impacts LINK Project at CRU, UEA DETR Contract Nos EPG 1/1/128)
Rudolf, B., H. Hauschild, W. Rueth and U. Schneider, 1994: Terrestrial Precipitation Analysis: Operational Method And Required Density Of Point Measuremenets. In: Global Precipitations and Climate Change (Ed. M. Desbois, F. Desalmond).
Vicente, Gilberto A., Roderick A. Scofield, W. Paul Menzel, 1998: The Operational GOES Infrared Rainfall Estimation Technique, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 79, 1883–1898.
Webber, S.R. and C.J. Willmott, 1998. South American Precipitation: 1960-1990 Gridded Monthly Time Series (Version 1.02). Newark, Delaware: Center for Climatic Research, Dept. of Geography, Univ. of Delaware.
Webber, S.R. and C.J. Willmott, 1998. South American Air Temperature: 1960-1990 Gridded Monthly Time Series (Version 1.01). Newark, Delaware: Center for Climatic Research, Dept. of Geography, Univ. of Delaware.
Willmott, C.J. and S.R. Webber, 1998. South American Precipitation: Gridded Monthly and Annual Climatologies (Version 1.02). Newark, Delaware: Center for Climatic Research, Dept. of Geography, Univ. of Delaware.
Willmott, C.J. and S.R. Webber, 1998. South American Air Temperature: Gridded Monthly and Annual Climatologies (Version 1.01). Newark, Delaware: Center for Climatic Research, Dept. of Geography, Univ. of Delaware.
Willmott, C.J. and K. Matsuura, 1998. Global Air Temperature and Precipitation: Regridded Monthly and Annual Climatologies (version 2.01). Newark, Delaware: Center for Climatic Research, Dept. of Geography, Univ. of Delaware.
Spatial & Temporal Scales
These data are gridded in the geographic projection with either a 0.5 x 0.5 degree cell size or a 0.1 x 0.1 degree cell size (see Table 1). The data represent either climatological averages based on time periods between 1930 and 1997 or time series data with varying start and end dates between 1901 and 1999. The specific years represented by either the climate average or time series data depends on the specific holding.
Data holdings at the 0.5 x 0.5 degree cell size are bounded by 13.0 N and 56.0 S latitude, and 33.0 W and 91.5 W longitude and contain 117 grid cells in the X direction and 138 grid cells in the Y direction.
Data holdings at the 0.1 x 0.1 degree cell size are bounded by 12.8 N and 56.0 S latitude, and 33.7 W and 91.5 W longitude and contain 578 grid cells in the X direction and 688 grid cells in the Y direction.
Data format, x/y grid dimension, temporal range, and absolute range of the data values may vary depending on the output format, the temporal characteristics, and the spatial region you select when ordering the data.
The fill value for missing data and non-land/ocean grid cells is –9999.
Note:
The GOES & ETA Daily Time Series Precipitation data had several missing days in the original data. For these holdings, full days of fill values (e.g., 9999 ) were inserted in order to make a complete holding. The missing days for these holdings can be viewed below:
- GOES Daily Precipitation Missing Days
- ETA Daily Precipitation Missing Days
Processing Steps:
The data sets represented in this collection were acquired by the University of New Hampshire’s Water System Analysis Group from the original sources and then regridded to the 0.5 or 0.1 degree cell sizes.
A list of references for the original data sources can be acquired from the Water System Analysis Group website Citation List. The reference for a specific holding is provided in an auxiliary file when these data are ordered from the EOS-WEBSTER system. For specifics on the data processing steps please see the auxiliary file, included with ordered data, or contact the data provider at the address below.
ETA Daily Precipitation Data Note:
ETA data as acquired from the Water Systems Analysis Group were further processed by EOS-WEBSTER to eliminate abnormally large values and negative values within the dataset. All Abnormally large values were reclassified to No Data values (-9999) and all negative values within the dataset were reclassified to a value of 0.
Data Providers:
Water Systems Analysis Group, Complex Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, Morse Hall, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA. Ph: 603.862.1792, Fax: 603.862.0188. Email: watsys@unh.edu Website: http://www.lba-hydronet.sr.unh.edu/
Latest Data Update:
3/13/2002
Last Doc. Updated:
2/07/2005
Doc. Updated By:
Michael Routhier
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